The VIA Classification of Character Strengths and Virtues
Dr. Martin Seligman, founder of positive psychology and former president of the American Psychological Association, partnered with Dr. Christopher Peterson, distinguished professor at the University of Michigan, to create the most comprehensive scientific classification of human character ever developed. Their landmark work, "Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification" (2004), represents a paradigm shift in psychology—from studying what's wrong with people to understanding what's right.
Academic Foundation: The VIA Classification emerged from rigorous cross-cultural research examining virtue traditions across all major civilizations and religions. The researchers identified character strengths that appeared universally valued—from ancient Greece to Confucian China, from indigenous cultures to modern societies. The resulting 24 strengths and 6 virtues represent what Peterson called "the best of what's in us."
Key Research Findings:
- Universal Recognition: These 24 strengths are valued across virtually all cultures studied worldwide
- Measurable and Developable: Character strengths can be reliably assessed and deliberately cultivated
- Signature Strengths: Each person typically has 3-7 "signature strengths" that feel most natural and energizing
- Wellbeing Link: Using signature strengths in new ways increases happiness and decreases depression
- Malleable Through Life: Character strengths can be developed at any age through intentional practice
Why It Works: Unlike personality traits (which tend to be stable), character strengths are developable capacities. Research shows that identifying and using your signature strengths leads to greater engagement, meaning, and life satisfaction. The VIA framework provides both a vocabulary for virtue and a pathway to virtue development.